It becomes something subjective. Imagine someone proving that a number could be simultaneously even and odd, its similarly worrisome to that. Arts purpose is to change the manner in which we see or view the world. It is what you are doing in your Exhibition which we can say is an event. Originally it did not have any connection with numbers, per se. However, according to our best theories and predictions, we will never know everything about the universe. All producing is based on a disclosive looking i.e. Logos is a reckoning that orients ourselves to some other thing i.e. Our cognition, our conscious awareness, is a type of representational thinking which, in the presentation or the experience, some thing we encounter comes to stand, to a standstill, is put in a position or place. In active experience, we go forth to look for something. Opinion is the handing over of knowledge through language and what the thing is that is handed over. It is no surprise that the great discoveries of modern physics were primarily initiated by Germans, Einstein and Heisenberg for instance, just as it is not an accident that the great discoveries of Newton and Darwin belong to the English-speaking world. Fortunately the Greeks had no experiences Hence they did not believe that the point of art is to provide them. (Heidegger). Unspecified object, no matter what. This prompt asks you to inquire whether objectivity is possible given its assertion of the negative as to whether or not bias is inevitable (See prompt #28). It is impossible to determine the state of the animal, unless the box is opened and the cat directly observed. Your email address will not be published. Your rationale for establishing the relations between the objects/images will be based on the principle of sufficient reason and will demonstrate and answer the questions what, why, and how. Current research into AI, artificial intelligence, is being questioned because so much of it is occurring beyond good and evil or beyond ethical considerations. Information only informs when the data which comprises it is placed within a system (the form) that allows it to in-form. Some of the prompts included: Are some things unknowable? What is it that we value in a work of art? There are many examples from the medical professions. Does knowing a bit counts as unknowable or even if we know a great amount of information about something but not fully, still counts as unknowable. Part IX: Darwin/Nietzsche: Otherness, Owingness, And Nihilism: Nietzsche/Darwin Part VIII: Truth as Justice: 28. An examination of what we understand as History can occur here. Are some things unknowable TOK Exhibition A How might the context in which knowledge is presented influence whether it is accepted or rejected? It is based upon the need to provide sufficient reasons (evidence) for the reality of the beings that are. There is no ancient or medieval system, an essential requirement for the reduction of the world to a picture. they must be given to us a priori. From this definition, we can infer that black swans are inherently unpredictable and therefore our prediunknowable. Such a definition is correct to a point. This can be done through perception and calculation. Are some things unknowable Object 1: An image of the international space station The object is an image taken from space which is known as the international space station. Moreover, they show that their unknowability comes from the complex nature of their objects, randomness associated with factors that shape them or from its specific mathematical nature. Does all knowledge impose ethical obligations on those who know it? The Natural Sciences: Historical Background; View all posts by theoryofknowledgeanalternativeapproach. Our imposition on nature to bring about any ends that we may have in view presents us with challenges and dangers that are most difficult to understand and to overcome. Technology is a theoretical,not a practical affair. TOK Exhibition B Subtext and Connotation TOK Exhibition B TOK exhibition sample TOK Exhibition Objects are shorn of their essences and regarded as mere individuals (or ones/units) conforming to mathematical regularities. For knowledge to be knowledge, it must be shared or handed over to others and confirmed and affirmed (See prompt #26). (See response to Prompt #21) Religion is what we bow down to or what we look up to and self-knowledge will reveal the idols that one may look up to or bow down to. The modern world-picture, however, involves several components: mathematical science; machine technology; the reduction of art to an object of experience; the conception of all human activity as culture and as the realization of values (empowerment), the concern of a cultural policy politically; a godlessness that co-exists with the modernization of the Christian world-view and with intense religious experience. World War II started in 1939 but Turing had been working on code-breaking at Bletchley Park for a year before that; trying to decipher the German Enigma code. The material tools required for the production of knowledge are secondary to the technological viewing that has allowed these tools to come into being. He was executed in 1993, by the Colombian National Police after escaping authorities 16 months ago. It can mean to learn, find out, hear of, but also to receive, undergo, something. You are required to provide a good explanation of why you have chosen the objects/images for your Exhibition and to show a good explanation of how they are related. https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/God_does_not_play_dice_with_the_universe. Procuring health is the setting up of conditions and abetting the properties that are already present in nature and allowing those conditions and properties to flourish. Required fields are marked *. We go to something to see (perhaps with artificial aids such as microscopes) what happens to it under varying conditions, either waiting for the new conditions to arise or intervening to produce them. An example experiment would be to test whether an animal recognizes itself in a mirror. Perhaps in your study of Shakespeare you have come across the Elizabethan world-picture or order of being, but this is not how the Elizabethans viewed themselves; this understanding is a later German understanding. How can we distinguish between knowledge, belief and opinion? Our tragic literature and our art, generally, demonstrate that there might not be as great a separation between theory and practice as we have been led to believe. Neither of these two AOKs are systems in the true understanding of that word and are rather interpretations of what Westerners see and how they account for the beings as a whole and for their understanding of those beings. Here in Bali, the gods choose to show themselves more favourably so that a Balinese person would have no trouble concurring with the ancient Greek Heraclitus that everything is full of gods. This is another mind bender proved by Alan Turing. The problem is that although youre happy to write an infinite number of programs, that infinity is way smaller than the infinite number of real numbers, so there must be many (in fact, most) real numbers missing that cant be calculated. Such possession implies having a power over, a control over, a relation to some thing or some one, and therefore a responsibility for the knowledge, the thing, the person that one is related to that one has some kind of possession of. Our delimitations and definitions of the things are arrived at prior to their placement in various domains of knowledge and these horizons of the things are arrived at through the use of the principle of reason in our cognitions. With the scientific method and increasingly more complex new technologies we discover more and more things about the world around us. Should some knowledge not be sought on ethical grounds? All dissemination of knowledge is, in one form or another, political since it deals with the community or the polis. In summary, the theorem shows that you cant prove mathematics consistent using just mathematics (youd have to use a meta-language). For example, 6 is a perfect number 1 + 2 + 3 = 1 * 2 * 3 = 6. The main problem that you will be faced with in this prompt is that it is so broad that a focus is required, and you can begin to do so by looking at how values and beliefs changed in any number of areas of knowledge. Thoughtful connections can be made here. Certainly, any sane person will see the improvements in various technes or arts and crafts as improvements in knowledge. It can also be a statement exhibiting a relation of implication i.e. Of course, the prompt should involve some thought regarding how we treat the world and the inhabitants within it and some thought must be given to how money is involved in many situations and conditions that students will have to face once they have made the grade and succeeded in the game where knowledge is valued according to its applications. Object 1 - Clock. View all posts by theoryofknowledgeanalternativeapproach. One problem was to prove that mathematics was consistent which would be jolly nice to know. But just because something is not accessible for us now, it doesnt mean that it wont in the future, therefore its sometimes mistakenly to assume that something is unknowable, when it is just inaccessible for us. Beings as a whole are now taken in such a way that they are in being first and only insofar as they are presented by the human being as the representer and producer, that is, as objects. This is the first on the list because, in a sense, the concept of the unknowable starts with this paradox discovered by Bertrand Russell in 1901. your cognition of the things, should come to a greater light or understanding through this exercise. Required fields are marked *. How does the way that we organize or classify knowledge affect what we know? In todays philosophical language this interpretative method is called hermeneutics, and it derives its authority from the premise that all knowledge is historical i.e. What do your choices of objects or images for this prompt indicate about you and the society of which you are a member? For modern thinking, the manner in which beings are is as objects. So, consider a set (S, say) of sets that dont contain themselves. The handing over of knowledge is done through language and this language may be in the form of speech, numbers, or images/representations. One is laid beside the other so that the one is orientated and conforms to the other by means of a relationship that you will establish. Unknowable Thing: In mathematics, there are true things that can't be proved true - and we don't know what they are. In establishing the framework for what can be considered knowledge in our age, axioms or archai, principles, rules, laws, etc. There are much bigger numbers out there though; a googolplex is 1 followed by a googol zeroes and the mathematician Stanley Skewes has defined numbers much bigger than a googolplex. https://mytok.blog/2017/07/29/technology-as-a-way-of-knowing-computers/. This choice of images or objects is your own, but the truth and knowledge in the representational thinking regarding their relation to each other will not be of your doing or making. ), while a world-view can be either pre-scientific or scientific. 15. But as Aristotle once said: For as the eyes of bats are to the blaze of day, so is the reason in our soul to the things which are by nature most evident of all.. It was in direct conflict with that tradition which is known as the history of philosophy. For something to be knowable, we would have to have a precise definition. How important are material tools in the production or acquisition of knowledge? the technological. Presumed familiarity with something is the proper origin of deception and error. One might view the current war on terrorism in this light and a fruitful Exhibition can result from determining how this may be the case. 3. In my exhibition I have presented three objects . Whatever prompt you choose, it is important for you to develop your arguments so that they are clear to your listeners and readers. Knowing the audience is the recognition that we are beings in bodies. The difference between one concept of greatness and another is not, however, a quantitative, but also a qualitative difference. So it's little wonder that when people find a weird, mysterious object, they need to figure out what the heck it is. We may all have private experiences that are unique to us and that we consider knowledge, but unless they are shared with others, we cannot be secure that they are knowledge. If one accepts the premises, one must also accept the conclusions that are drawn from them. But what about the things that are about us? The counting on and relying on are the metaphysics that undergird what is the essence of technology as it is defined in these writings. The various types of knowledge that were understood by the Greeks and which are outlined in the linkCT 1: Introduction to Theory of Knowledge: Knowledge and the Knower indicate that interpretation is linked to doubt and skepticism in our modern understanding of what knowledge is. Our being-in-the-world is permeated by a lack of knowledge. with the way in which man withstands the There, the openness and hiddenness of the beings among which he stands. the soul that is not prepared for it and does not possess genuine education. The political as understood here is not what we commonly think of as political parties etc. Remember that all three (images of) objects should relate to the same prompt. These cabals of knowers have power within their respective communities, so much so that some proponents of these world-pictures have become placed as the new priesthood in the communities where these world pictures thrive. In the examples that I frequently use from the Greeks, all of them are translations of that language. Change). Ratio and reor can mean to take something as something, such as the leafiness of the plant, the stone as stone, etc. William Blakes The Tyger and the framing of the fearful symmetry that is the tyger). OMG! Experience is at first passive: we come across something without going in search of it. Now as a thought experiment consider how many eleven word sentences there are obviously there are a lot; but theres only a finite number of words (around 750,000 in English) so theres only a finite number of eleven word sentences at some point, youd run out and there would be an integer you couldnt define. From where do these obligations stem? When we speak of bias we usually mean that it is the particular leaning one may have in order to bring about a pre-determined outcome, the production or bringing forth of which is determined to be a good end. The truth of a principle can never be proved from its result. That things are exactly measurable: this is a priori for mathematical physics, and this is what counts for mathematical physics. Hence, humanism arises at the same time as the world-picture, a philosophical interpretation of man that explains beings as a whole in terms of man and with a view to man. 13. The evidence is considered adequate when the idea in the mind corresponds to the object which is under investigation and that object gives us its reasons for being as it is. Consider the theorem that all skunks are black and white. For some people, however, their belief is enough evidence to make the existence of their god a fact. However, the final item describes things that might be true but that cant be known. It was last seen in Daily quick crossword. It is an infatuation with immediately given appearances on the basis of which all further experiences of the world are investigated, inquired about, and explained. The German philosopher Nietzsche once wrote: The scholars dig up what they themselves buried. The "exhibition", understood as both a noun and a verb, aims to assess how you can apply TOK concepts to the real world by requiring that you bring to . Experience, like all basic words, changes its meaning over history. This is done in the modern physical sciences. The Present Situation in Quantum Mechanics: A Translation of Schrdingers Cat Paradox Paper, 2 https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/God_does_not_play_dice_with_the_universe (retrieved 16.05.21), Unless something fundamental in our understanding of the world changes, which is very much possible, as we have not yet developed a concise theory of everything, we will never have a deterministic model of the universe and some phenomena will remain unknowable. What we have called objectivity in this writing is a legacy from the German philosopher Kant and his transcendental method and how this thinking was interpreted by the English-speaking empiricists. The ignorance cannot be eliminated with definite bits of knowledge; it cannot be something that provides or produces a definite stock of objective knowledge and provides definite objective ways of knowing things. An examination of the characteristics of the types of knowledge has been undertaken in greater depth on this prompt in this blog: https://mytok.blog/2019/11/30/ct-1-perspectives-woks/. It also means to put something in its place, or putting something in order for something else such as gathering together the things that are required of a recipe so that we may later prepare it, the step-by-step process involved in preparing to bring about a desirable end. You might wish to consider how IT managers and creators mold our acquisition of knowledge by how they portray information as knowledge and how our language is being formed and manipulated by what is considered knowledge through this technology of the helmsmen. These multivarious approaches or methodologies are determined a priori by the principle of reason. Judgement is the connection between what is stated with that about which a statement is made. The unknowability of the black swan comes from our epistemic limitations, philosophical and empirical. The philosophical problem is about the lack of knowledge when it comes to rare events that never happened before. We skip over knowing the reasons for the things being as they are because we, in fact, alreadyknowthem for being what they are and as they are.The Greeks began their journey to thought by first trusting in that which they were seeking, but they also doubted. We commonly associate experiencing with an I, a subject or a consciousness. Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/c7Mws_HMxtpdNUQ_ayHh3eiSaBaWO42tJktc4Bw517ci-zF7PnewPK9ripgkcMg_qrlQue-XerOEqQxZ9y6Rs3b0P_ZAkJ3efXKZdTqSchfujUT8TopWEDxdE2e77chWk6oFEdw”, http://content.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1845923_1774485,00.html. Whether they are the ulemasof Muslim societies or the talking heads of the think-tanks of technological societies, it is the experts who determine how truth has been interpreted and how it should be applied to human actions within communities. Your TOK exhibition is worth 35% of the grade. This gathering and laying is a reciprocal relationship, a two-fold back and forth relationship involving both you as knower and the things that you know, the images or objects you have chosen. Except that it led to the development of digital computers. | Get an A in TOK Get an A in TOK 2.92K subscribers Subscribe 9.8K views 1 year.
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