This includes a great number of European nobles, including George I of Great Britain and Frederick William I of Prussia (through the Electress Sophia of Hanover), Charles I of England, George III of the United Kingdom, George V of the United Kingdom, Charles X Gustav of Sweden, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Olav V of Norway, and George I of Greece. Here we present evidence that a social stratum of this type was established during the Neolithic period in Ireland. In fact, the only thing missing in the perfect match is a mutation that defines haplogroup T. So, there are two explanations for this difference in the match: A) You don't belong to haplogroup T2b, in fact you don't belong to haplogroup T at all. It might just mean you are identical by chance. These include those coding for lactase persistence, blue eye color, Y chromosome R1b haplotypes, and the hemochromatosis C282Y allele; to our knowledge, the first detection of a known Mendelian disease variant in prehistory. mtDNA:HV0-T195C! I didnt think my mother had any Irish ancestry, but I guess I didnt go back far enough : ). mtDNA:K1b1a1, Sample:Parknabinnia581 / PB581 (Cassidy et al. Being Finnish, they seem intriguing. terminal I-BY203449, all my paternal lineage haplogroups are linked to the megalithic movement paternal lineage I2a and this since I-M284 passing through I-L1195 Marriage records from the 1600s would indicate related families of Haviland and Cockram in and around Corfe Castle. The mtDNA all matched and fitted into haplogroup T2 (with heteroplasmy at position 16169). Location:Poulnabrone, Clare, Ireland mtDNA:J1c6, Sample:Parknabinnia357 / PB357 (Cassidy et al. Age:Middle Neolithic 3617-3138 cal BC Already a celebrity when he was alive, he became a legendary figure of the Wild West after his death. However, since they have the same general surnames, the time may be closer to when surnames came into use about 1066 in England. The geographic distribution within subclade T2 varies greatly with the ratio of subhaplogroup T2e to T2b reported to vary 40-fold across examined populations from a low in Britain and Ireland, to a high in Saudi Arabia (Bedford 2012). These markers define the mtDNA haplogroup currently designated T2, a subgroup of Haplogroup T. Haplogroup T has an estimated age of about 10,000 to 12,000 years. been found in Neolithic Europe are T2b2b and T2b4f. Distribution of mtDNA haplogroup T1 in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Several other additional ancient samples belong to this branch as well including FLR001, FLR002, FLR004, GRG022, GRG041 (Rivollat 2020), and BUCH2 (Brunel 2020) Age:Middle Neolithic 3364-2940 cal BC FTDNA Comment:One of 15 ancient samples currently on this branch Oh, yes i do connect. mtDNA:V, Sample:Carrowkeel530 / CAK530 (Cassidy et al. Sex:Male Sex:Male Dr. David Pike is the administrator of the haplogroup T mtDNA project and the mtDNA T2 project at Family Tree DNA. I did have a match at G2 that is from a known ancestor 4th great grandmother, born about 1790. Y-DNA:I-L1193 The frequency of T1a and T2 in Yamna samples were each 14.5%, a percentage higher than in any country today and only found in similarly high frequencies among the Udmurts of the Volga-Ural region. FTDNA Comment:Ashleypark3, Parknabinnia186, Parknabinnia2031, Parknabinnia672, Parknabinnia675, Parknabinnia768 and Poulnabrone06 split the I2-L1286 (S21204+/L1286-) branch. The frequency of T1a and T2 in Yamna samples were each 14.5%, a percentage higher than in any country today and only found in similarly high frequencies among the Udmurts of the Volga-Ural region. Within subhaplogroup T2e, a very rare motif is identified among Sephardic Jews of Turkey and Bulgaria and suspected conversos from the New World (Bedford 2012). One reason I published this article today was to give people something else to do, K1a4a1 here. Location:Baunogenasraid, Carlow, Ireland mtDNA:K2a9, Sample:Baunogenasraid72 / BG72 (Cassidy et al. I have ties to the McCoy, McKay, McMillians but have figured the exact lineage. In most cases, each participant is represented 2016) Location:Carrowkeel, Sligo, Ireland 2020) [3][4] It is also common among modern day Iranians. Sample:Glennamong1007 / GNM1007 (Cassidy et al. FTDNA Comment:See Ashleypark3 (2000) reported that men belonging to haplogroup T have the highest risk of asthenozoospermia (reduced sperm motility). Nowadays, T2a1b is found mostly in eastern, central and Mediterranean Europe, but has also been found in the British Isles, Scandinavia, the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Iran, Turkey, Palestine, Egypt and Yemen. I am the only one who was tested in my family. G2a is found in only about 1%. Woot! T2c1d1), T2e and T2f have been found in remains from the Linear Pottery culture (LBK) in Central Europe, and the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture in Ukraine. Belarus) and the North Caucasus / found in Chalcolithic Poland (Corded Ware culture) and in Bronze Age Serbia, T2b16: found in Estonia, Russia (Volga Tatars) and Kazakhstan, T2b19: found in Italy and England / found in EBA Alsace, T2c1: found in Iran, Iraq, the Arabian peninsula, Italy, Sardinia, Spain and Central Europe / found in Early Neolithic Italy, T2c1a: found in Portugal, France, Italy and among Iraqi Jews / found in MLBA Jordan and Israel (Tell Megiddo), T2c1d: found in Britain, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Italy (Sardina), Spain, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iran (Qashqai) / found in Late Neolithic France, England and Orkney, in EBA Moldova (Cucuteni-Trypillia culture) and in EBA France, T2c1e: found in Britain, Germany, Poland, Hungary and Turkey, T2c1f: found in France, Italy, Germany, Turkey and Iran / found among Iron Age Latins, T2d1: found in India, Siberia, Mongolia and the Netherlands, T2d1b: found in Poland, Iran (Persians), Siberia and Mongolia, T2d2: found in Iran, Georgia, Russia, Spain and Italy, T2e1: found mostly in northern and Mediterranean Europe, Egypt and the Arabian peninsula, but also in Iran, Pakistan and Uzbekistan / found in Neolithic Scotland, in Bell Beaker Poland, and in Bronze Age Poland, T2e1a : found in Britain, the Netherlands and Spain / found in Late Neolithic England (Bell Beaker), T2e1b : found in Germany, Romania and Russia, T2e2a : found in Britain, Germany, Sweden and Finland / found in Bronze Age Bulgaria, T2f1: found in north-western, central and eastern Europe and in Central Asia (Turkmenistan), T2f1a: found in Britain, Ireland, France, Germany, Scandinavia and Finland, T2f2: found in Finland, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, the Balkans, Anatolia, the South Caucasus and the north of the Black Sea, T2f4: found in Britain and France / found in Neolithic Scotland, T2f5: found in Norway, Britain and Ireland, T2f7: found in Germany, Scandinavia and Finland, T2g1: found in Italy, Britain, Sweden, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Turkey, Egypt, Iran (Persians, Qashqai, Jews) and Siberia (Yakuts), T2g2: found in Hungary and Scotland / found in Bell Beaker Germany<, T2g2a (formerly T3): found in Austria, Britain and Sweden. Haplogroups T* (perhaps T1a) and T2b have been found in skeletons from late Mesolithic hunter-gatherers respectively from Russia and Sweden. Location:Ardcrony, Tipperary, Ireland Y-DNA:I-Y3709 (2009) in Bronze Age samples related to the Andronovo culture from the Krasnoyarsk area in southern Siberia. The last Russian Tsar, Nicholas II, has been shown to be of Haplogroup T, specifically subclade T2.This was established when genetic testing was done on his remains to authenticate his identity. T2b. Location:Parknabinnia, Clare, Ireland 1) the statement implying Gaelic being the original language of Rathlin appears to me to be unsupportable (how do we know) and of doubtful use. Assuming all relevant pedigrees are correct, this includes all female-line descendants of his female line ancestor Barbara of Celje (13901451), wife of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor. Sex:Male Age:Middle Neolithic 3633-3374 cal BC Interested to know either way . These coincide with the latter part of the Andronovo period and the Saka period in the region.[5]. Location:Carrowkeel, Sligo, Ireland mtDNA:U5b1-T16189C!-T16192C! (2002) reported three other polymorphisms associated with increased VO2max and athletic performance (especially for endurance). mtDNA:K1a4a1, Sample:Carrowkeel531 / CAK531 (Cassidy et al. by a pushpin. Yes. Without their generosity, we would never know that an ancient sample actually split branches of the tree, nor could we see if we match. [9] Fossils excavated at the Late Neolithic site of Kelif el Boroud in Morocco, which have been dated to around 3,000 BCE, have also been observed to carry the T2 subclade. [1] Some non-basal T clades are also commonly found among the Niger-Congo-speaking Serer due to diffusion from the Maghreb, likely with the spread of Islam.[12]. Irish Bronze Age haplotypic similarity is strongest within modern Irish, Scottish, and Welsh populations, and several important genetic variants that today show maximal or very high frequencies in Ireland appear at this horizon. (2012) suggested that some J and T lineages recolonised Europe from the Near Eastern refugia during the Epipaleolithic, following the end of the last glaciation and the melting of the icecaps covering central and northern Europe. So presume proto Celt Y and unetice mtDna. It is the best evidence so far that haplogroup T was present in Europe before the continent was recolonised by Neolithic farmers. Location:Parknabinnia, Clare, Ireland There has been some debate regarding the origins of the T2 lineages, which were originally . Age:Late Neolithic 2881-2625 cal BC Location:Ashleypark, Tipperary, Ireland Age:Early-Middle Neolithic 3696-3535 cal BC My y haplotype is L21 (RZ253) R1b1a2a1a2c and mitochondrial is H4a1a1. mtDNA:J2b1a, Sample:Ashleypark1 / ASH1 (Cassidy et al. mtDNA:K1a-T195C! [citation needed], One study has found that among the Spanish population, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) also referred to as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is more likely to happen in those of T2 ancestry than those in other maternal haplogroups. Sex:Male I share a single 8.1 cM segment on C22 with Ballynahatty woman. The clade-bearing individuals were inhumed at the Tenerife site, with one specimen found to belong to the T2c1d2 subclade (1/7; 14%). I know that this was posted a while ago, but I am also H1c1. mtDNA:X2b4. mtDNA:U5a2d. One T2 sample was also identified at a Cardium Pottery culture site in north-eastern Spain. Sex:Male Subclades that evolved in the Near East and have remained more frequent there include several T1a subclades, T1b, T2a, T2c, T2d and T2h, among others. 2020) T2a1b1 was found by Keyser et al. One of the males buried in the sixth-century cemetery in Hungary shared our exact haplogroup. FTDNA Comment:One of 12 ancient samples currently on this branch A few tentative medical studies have demonstrated that Haplogroup T may offer some resistance to both Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Im wondering what this means in terms of my ancestry? Fortunately, the minimum coverage threshold for the Bradley lab was 30X, meaning 30 scanned reads. Look at the public mtDNA tree haplogroup flags at FamilyTreeDNA for ideas. Anyone who sailed further west had better have weeks of food, water, and a great deal of good luck. HVR2 Mutations. My maternal haplogroup is U8a and my husbands is J3c. Age:Middle Neolithic 3641-3381 cal BC The above 4 samples were from the original 2016 paper, with the additional samples from 2020 added below, Sample:Ashleypark3 / ASH3 (Cassidy et al. Over FTDNA Comment:See Ashleypark3 No, just talking about the legend. So for it to exist at such high levels within a single household almost certainly proves some kind of familial relationship between the inhabitants of this house. Location:Parknabinnia, Clare, Ireland These innovations brought not only massive cultural change but also, in certain parts of the continent, a change in genetic structure. FTDNA Comment: Baunogenasraid72 and Jerpoint14 split the H-SK1180 branch and form branch together (H-FT362000). Age:Late Neolithic 2833-2469 cal BC Nevertheless, Lazaridis et al. We also observe a strong signal of continuity between modern-day Irish populations and the Bronze Age individuals, one of whom is a carrier for the C282Y hemochromatosis mutation, which has its highest frequencies in Ireland today. Found in Svan population from Caucasus (Georgia) T* 10,4% and T1 4,2%. Note that the depth of the phylogenetic tree has been reduced to four subclades downstream of T* (except for T1a1a) to facilitate its reading. FTDNA Comment:One of 12 ancient samples currently on this branch Location:Poulnabrone, Clare, Ireland Y-DNA:I-Y3712 The people who lived in Ireland originally are classified as the Mesolithic people, generally referred to as hunter-gatherers. FTDNA Comment:Joins VK280 Common SNP is H-SK1182 Largest segment 5.9. T2c and T2d developed almost immediately afterwards, followed by T1a, T1b, T2a and T2f circa 17,000 years ago, and T2h 15,000 years ago. Age:Middle Neolithic 3635-3376 cal BC She shares the same mtDNA as a male found in Oban, which I found from another of your posts. I have little knowledge. Eye color comes from several locations, none of them on the Y chromosome. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Could you tell me please, how do I run a comparison on GEDMatch? Y-DNA:I-Y3709 (2014) tested mtDNA samples from the Yamna culture, the presumed homeland (or Urheimat) of Proto-Indo-European speakers, and found T2a1b in the Middle Volga region and Bulgaria, and T1a both in central Ukraine and the Middle Volga. Age:Early Neolithic 3940-3703 cal BC Sex:Female It is the best evidence so far that haplogroup T was present in Europe before the continent was recolonised by Neolithic farmers. The scale and sophistication of megalithic architecture along the Atlantic seaboard, culminating inthe great passage tomb complexes, is particularly impressive2. [10] Additionally, haplogroup T has been observed in ancient Guanche fossils excavated in Gran Canaria and Tenerife on the Canary Islands, which have been radiocarbon-dated to between the 7th and 11th centuries CE. mtDNA:U5b2a. Who were the individuals bearing the T2b haplogroup? Several millennia later it would have been carried to Central Asia, then Iran and the Near East by the Indo-Iranian R1a-Z93 invaders. 2020) Sex:Male Location:Parknabinnia, Clare, Ireland Haplogroup R1a, a close cousin of R1b, is most common in Eastern Europe. Sex:Male Last update July 2020. Im Haplogroup H44a.My ancient ancestors have some interesting clusters and an alarming tendency to be headless. To participate in this project, join or follow the project, add your oldest known ancestor who belonged to this haplogroup. H-BY37188 (Boyt UK) It is believed to have originated around 25,100 years ago in the Near East. Her mitochondrial DNA is haplogroup T2b. mtDNA:X2b-T226C, Sample:Parknabinnia2031 / PB2031 (Cassidy et al. I share 7 cM segments with Ballynahatty woman. Sex:Male Location:Carrowkeel, Sligo, Ireland Haplogroups I and X are each found in only 1% of the modern European population. Gaelic is not a Mesolithic language. FTDNA Comment:One of 6 ancient samples currently on this branch Age:Middle Neolithic 3626-3196 cal BC; 3639-3384 cal BC 2020) Three PWC individuals shared the K1a1 haplogroup. This particular haplogroup originates from West Asia between 3,150 and 8,400 years ago. Sounds normal to me. mtDNA:U4a2f, Sample:Poulnabrone112 / PN112 (Cassidy et al. Retracing the matrilineal genealogy of Nicholas II leads to Elizabeth of Luxembourg (1409-1442), Queen of Germany, Hungary and Bohemia, and daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund. The most recent 2020 paper includes extensive archaeological context revolving around passage graves and megalithic tombs. Age:Middle Neolithic 3694-3369 cal BC Y-DNA:I-Y3709 Haplogroups of European kings and queens Two weeks ago, I mentioned that members of the House of Oldenburg belonged to haplogroup R1b, based on Tsar Nicholas II's DNA. Love this blog. Sample:Ballynahatty / BA64 (Cassidy et al. Did you all happen to see Robertas article on the Lombard DNA samples? 2) more importantly for me is the statement which includes : One ancient individual carried the T2b subclade (1/9; 11%). I also connect to the Clare down and Sligo finds through my Y dna haplo. Sex:Male Ancient Irelands Y and Mitochondrial DNA Do You Match??? Location:Site Z, Newgrange, Meath, Ireland LOL! 1a, c, Supplementary Information section 1). I live within 30 mile of it in a place bearing my family name as mentioned in theTain bo Cuailnge. Land of legend, romance, and perchance of King Arthur, or at least some ancient king who became Arthur in legend. mtDNA:H1c, Sample:MillinBay6 / MB6 (Cassidy et al. If most of the hunter-gatherer disappeared what explains me an aberration? 2020) R1b, which originated in western Europe, is the most common Y-DNA haplogroup among Irish men, at a frequency of about 81.5%. I believe that is what the old Scottish genealogies, such as for Clan Campbell, claimed. Let's say that your mtDNA almost perfectly matches a given haplogroup, e.g. Of course, we all want to know if our Y DNA or mitochondrial DNA haplogroups, or that of our family members matches any of these ancient samples. Thank you to Michael Sager, phylogeneticist, and Goran Runfeldt, head of R&D at Family Tree DNA for making this information available. The haplogroup T lineages (5% overall) are more difficult to assign, but at least 60% (in T2a1b, T2b, T2e1 and T2e4) are likely of European and ~10% (T1b3 and T2a2) Near Eastern origin 30. I had two matches from the recent Viking collection, but no luck this time around. My Maternal haplogroup is T2e, tested via FTDNA in Big700, first certified paternal haplogroup after my forecast IM223, was I-Y3713, I am in a haplogroup 5, states "Frequency distribution of five major European mitochondrial haplogroups: H, K, T, U and V. Y-DNA:I-Y3712 FTDNA Comment:One of 12 ancient samples currently on this branch Im tested on all major dna genealogy sites. Age:Neolithic None Sex:Male Sex:Male [13] It is unknown whether or not this is specific to this subclaude of haplogroup T or is a risk factor shared by all of haplogroup T. With a statistically significant difference found in such a small sample, it may be advisable for those of known haplogroup T maternal ancestry to be aware of this and have their physician check for evidence of this condition when having a routine exam at an early age. 2020) Sex:Male In 795, Rathlin had the dubious honor of being the first target of Viking raiding and pillaging. Sex:Female Are we really claiming King Arthur now? My mother-in-law is K1a4a1. I don't know what you mean by 'most of her DNA from her mother'. (2014) analysed the mtDNA of 395 elite Polish athletes (213 endurance athletes and 182 power athletes) and 413 sedentary controls, found that members of haplogroup T were as common among athletes as in the control group. 2020) Location:Glebe, Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland Vihitty: Cant wait for my dads Y to come back. FTDNA Comment: Ardcroney2 and Parknabinnia443 split the I2-Y13518 branch and form a branch together (I-FT354500). This branch has several subclades as well as people from Ireland, Scotland, England, British Isles, Germany, France, Denmark, Northern Ireland and Norway. My mtdna plotype is J1C2, and I notice two samples are J1C3. I am haplo Cts4922 a subclade of the male found in Newgrange. Distribution of mtDNA haplogroup T2 in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. [2], Haplogroup T is present at low frequencies throughout Western and Central Asia and Europe, with varying degrees of prevalence and certainly might have been present in other groups from the surrounding areas. Age:Middle Neolithic 3495-3040 cal BC Age:Middle Neolithic 3518-3355 cal BC Over time, individual lines have branched, and, thus, they mark the path from Africa to their locations in . This article is about the human mtDNA Haplogroup T. For the unrelated human Y-Chromosome Haplogroup T-M184, see, harv error: no target: CITEREFBermisheva2002 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFKivisild_and_Metspalu2003 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFvan_Oven2008 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFSanger2007 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFChinnery2007 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFGonzlez2012 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFMishmar2002 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFRuiz-Pesini2000 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFIvanov1996 (, human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups, "Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations", "Out of Arabiathe settlement of island Soqotra as revealed by mitochondrial and Y chromosome genetic diversity", "Mitochondrial DNA Signals of Late Glacial Recolonization of Europe from Near Eastern Refugia", http://haplogroup.org/sources/mitochondrial-dna-signals-of-late-glacial-recolonization-of-europe-from-near-eastern-refugia/, "Direct evidence for positive selection of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation in Europeans during the last 5,000 y", "Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods", "Genomic Analyses of Pre-European Conquest Human Remains from the Canary Islands Reveal Close Affinity to Modern North Africans", "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Medical Encyclopedia", "mtDNA Haplogroup T Phylogeny Based on Full Mitochondrial Sequences", "Mitochondrial DNA structure in the Arabian Peninsula", "The population history of the Croatian linguistic minority of Molise (southern Italy): A maternal view", "Sephardic signature in haplogroup T mitochondrial DNA", "Counting the founders: The matrilineal genetic ancestry of the Jewish Diaspora", "A "Copernican" Reassessment of the Human Mitochondrial DNA Tree from its Root", "Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and type 2 diabetes: A study of 897 cases and 1010 controls", "Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis", "Phylogeographic analysis of mitochondrial DNA in northern Asian populations", "MtDNA polymorphisms in five French groups: Importance of regional sampling", "The Arabian Cradle: Mitochondrial Relicts of the First Steps along the Southern Route out of Africa", "Lineage-specific selection in human mtDNA: Lack of polymorphisms in a segment of MTND5 gene in haplogroup J", "Disruptive mitochondrial DNA mutations in complex I subunits are markers of oncocytic phenotype in thyroid tumors", "Whole-mtDNA Genome Sequence Analysis of Ancient African Lineages", "Genetics, Environment, and Diabetes-Related End-Stage Renal Disease in the Canary Islands", "Genetic Patterns of Y-chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Variation, with Implications to the Peopling of the Sudan", "mtDNA and the Islands of the North Atlantic: Estimating the Proportions of Norse and Gaelic Ancestry", "Genetic Diversity among Ancient Nordic Populations", "Mitochondrial DNA sequence heteroplasmy in the Grand Duke of Russia Georgij Romanov establishes the authenticity of the remains of Tsar Nicholas II", "Ethiopian mitochondrial DNA heritage: Tracking gene flow across and around the gate of tears", "African Y chromosome and mtDNA divergence provides insight into the history of click languages", "MtDNA analysis of Nile River Valley populations: A genetic corridor or a barrier to migration? My mother's haplogroup came back as L2a1c3, which is most heavily associated with the Atlantic American slave trade. Sex:Male The Bell Beaker culture ended elsewhere by 2200 BCE, except in Great Britain where it lasted until 1800 BCE. Just a couple of comments:- I match the Ballynahatty female. Another study by Murakami et al. Location:Glennamong, Mayo, Ireland My mtDNA is H1c1 and I see H1c in one of the Mayo males. The authors of the same study identified two polymorphisms associated with achieving the elite performance level: 16080G and 16362C. Age:Early Neolithic 3944-3665 cal BC Within subhaplogroup T2e, a very rare motif is identified among Sephardic Jews of Turkey and Bulgaria and suspected conversos from the New World (Bedford 2012). I hope to be equally elated with the elections results. Proto Celtic is Mesolithic and Gaelic is very similar. Four investigations were pursued: Search of the motif in 250 000 control region records across 8 databases, comparison of frequencies of T subhaplogroups (T1, T2b, T2c, T2e, T4, T *) across 11. This is interesting. Other relevant pre-L38s include I2977 (I-Y63727) and R11, I5401, I4971, I4915 I4607 (I-S2599) You can compare your DNA haplogroup to see if you are connected. However, these findings have been disputed due to a small sample size in the study (Mishmar 2002) harv error: no target: CITEREFMishmar2002 (help). Nonetheless, the maternal lineages recovered in Germany and Switzerland display a strong continuity with Neolithic samples from the same region, and could have been absorbed by the Indo-European male invaders. (2012). [2], Wilde et al. H-BY37186 (Smith UK) The people who lived in Ireland originally are classified as the Mesolithic people, generally referred to as hunter-gatherers. This elite emerged against a backdrop of rapid maritime colonization that displaced a unique Mesolithic isolate population, although we also detected rare Irish hunter-gatherer introgression within the Neolithic population. The results split about 8 Y DNA lines, resulting in a total of 16 different haplogroup assignments. Haplogroup T2c is reported in an early Neolithic sample (5295-5066 calBCE) from the Els Trocs site in the Pyrenees . Location:Parknabinnia, Clare, Ireland Apart from a peak in Cyprus, T2c1 is most common in the Persian Gulf region but is also found in the Levant and in Mediterranean Europe, with a more far-flung distribution at very low levels.
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