shapiro lab stanford

Here we report a method for optically encoding micrometre-sized nanostructured particles of porous silicon. An asynchronous sequential digital circuit model equivalent to the validated simulation model was created. View details for Web of Science ID A1985AKH8700031. Sorter, A. M., Dahlberg, P. D., Wang, J., Shapiro, L., Moerner, W. E. Environmental Calcium Controls Alternate Physical States of the Caulobacter Surface Layer. The expression of the Caulobacter crescentus homolog of dnaX, which in Escherichia coli encodes both the gamma and tau subunits of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, is subject to cell cycle control. Homologs of GapR, which are ubiquitous among the -proteobacteria and are encoded on multiple bacteriophage genomes, also accumulate in the predivisional cell swarmer compartment when expressed in Caulobacter The Escherichia coli nucleoid-associated protein H-NS, like GapR, selectively associates with AT-rich DNA, yet it does not localize preferentially to the swarmer compartment when expressed exogenously in Caulobacter, suggesting that recognition of AT-rich DNA is not sufficient for the asymmetric accumulation of GapR. Caltech-MIT-IBS Global Pioneer Fellow Superresolution fluorescence microscopy based on covalent labeling highlights specific proteins and has sufficient sensitivity to observe single fluorescent molecules, but the reconstructions lack detailed cellular context. FliM is thought to be a switch protein and to interface with the flagellum motor. Accurate replication and segregation of the bacterial genome are essential for cell cycle progression. Here, we identify a bipartite proteolytic signal in the CtrA response regulator consisting of two determinants that are each necessary but not sufficient for regulated degradation. Stallmeyer, M. J., Hahnenberger, K. M., Sosinsky, G. E., Shapiro, L., DeRosier, D. J. TEMPORAL REGULATION AND OVERLAP ORGANIZATION OF 2 CAULOBACTER FLAGELLAR GENES. PleA was found to be required for the insertion of the outer membrane pilus secretion channel at the cell pole and for the accumulation of the PilA pilin subunit. These results argue that PleA facilitates the assembly of envelope-spanning structures at the cell pole. We have developed a technique, termed superresolution by power-dependent active intermittency and points accumulation for imaging in nanoscale topography (SPRAIPAINT) that combines imaging of intracellular enhanced YFP (eYFP) fusions (SPRAI) with stochastic localization of the cell surface (PAINT) to image two different fluorophores sequentially with only one laser. A., Ryan, K. R., Shapiro, L., McAdams, H. H. The bifunctional FtsK protein mediates chromosome partitioning and cell division in Caulobacter, DnaA couples DNA replication and the expression of two cell cycle master regulators, Cytokinesis signals truncation of the PodJ polarity factor by a cell cycle-regulated protease. The chemoreceptors that were newly synthesized were located at the nascent swarmer pole of the predivisional cell, an indication that asymmetry was established prior to cell division. This detailed beam information will help scientists perform their experiments more reliably a need that is becoming increasingly important as accelerator facilities operate at higher and higher energies and generate more complex beam profiles. We annotate the position of PopZ with single-molecule localizations and confirm its position within the ribosome excluded region. hergenro@illinois.edu B.S. Laub, M. T., McAdams, T. H., Feldblyum, T., Fraser, C. M., Shapiro, L. Proteins on the move: dynamic protein localization in prokaryotes, tmRNAs that encode proteolysis-inducing tags are found in all known bacterial genomes: A two-piece tmRNA functions in Caulobacter. The RF-2 binding region is similar to a NifA binding site normally used in the activation of some sigma 54 promoters involved in nitrogen fixation in other bacteria. B.S. IS1 and IS5 appear limited to the enteric bacteria, whereas IS2 sequences can also be detected in Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens. This finite window of opportunity is imposed by coordinating spatially constrained proteolysis of CtrA, an inhibitor of DNA replication initiation, with forward progression of the cell cycle. Expression of perP is regulated by a signal transduction system that activates cell type-specific transcription programs and conversion of PodJ(L) to PodJ(S) in response to the completion of cytokinesis. A mutant of Caulobacter crescentus has been isolated which has an auxotrophic requirement for unsaturated fatty acids or biotin for growth on medium containing glucose as the carbon source. Complementation studies of the Tn5 mutants using derivatives of the cosmid clone showed that all the Tn5 insertions lie within a single operon that appears to encode many chemotaxis genes. The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus uses two-component phospho-signalling to regulate spatially distinct cell cycle events through the master regulator CtrA. In contrast to the protein components of the hook and filament, the protein encoded by the flaD gene contains a hydrophobic leader peptide. Herrmann, J., Li, P., Jabbarpour, F., Chan, A. C., Rajkovic, I., Matsui, T., Shapiro, L., Smit, J., Weiss, T. M., Murphy, M. E., Wakatsuki, S. Asymmetric division yields progeny cells with distinct modes of regulating cell cycle-dependent chromosome methylation. Thus, the Shapiro laboratory performs neuroscience research using Biophysical, Molecular, Cellular, Genetic and Behavioral approaches. Here, we review the progress that has been made towards understanding the mechanisms by which bacterial cytoskeletal proteins influence cellular organization. View details for Web of Science ID A1997XE30000021, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC179208. 126:847-863, 1978). The practitioner's primary taxonomy code is 207X00000X with license number A162294 (CA). In addition to the motility phenotype, mutations in this locus also cause abnormal cell division. SLAC is operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energys Office of Science. In Escherichia coli, the Hda protein inactivates DnaA after replication initiation. The precise and robust regulation of gene expression is a cornerstone for complex biological life. Strikingly, GANTC methylation is needed for the efficient transcription of dozens of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression, in particular for DNA metabolism and cell division. Nature Nanotechnology 16, 14031412 (2021). The significance of this study is the identification of structural elements involved in the oligomerization and DNA binding of a newly discovered NAP in C. crescentus and the demonstration that structural elements are conserved in evolutionarily distant and functionally distinct NAPs. We suggest that the force causing rapid transport of loci remote from the parS centromere to the distal cell pole may arise from the release at the polar region of potential energy within the supercoiled DNA. Kim, S., Gitai, Z., Kinkhabwala, A., Shapiro, L., Moerner, W. E. A phospho-signaling pathway controls the localization and activity of a protease complex critical for bacterial cell cycle progression. The B, C, and D transcripts were present in equivalent molar ratios, were all smaller than transcript A, and were found to yield RNase III digestion products that were subsets of each other as well as of transcript A. Yes! Stanford Viollier, P. H., Sternheim, N., Shapiro, L. A signal transduction protein cues proteolytic events critical to Caulobacter cell cycle progression, DNA methylation affects the cell cycle transcription of the CtrA global regulator in Caulobacter, A dynamically localized histidine kinase controls the asymmetric distribution of polar pili proteins, Biomolecular screening with encoded porous-silicon photonic crystals. Dr. Howard Shapiro and Amino-terminal sequences of the MCP target the protein to the membrane while the carboxy-terminal portion of the protein is responsible for polar localization. Ph.D. We report the results of experiments designed to determine the distribution of these MCPs within swarmer cells and predivisional cells. We propose that polar recruitment of CtrA evolved to ensure that CtrA is degraded only in the stalked half of the predivisional cell, perhaps by localizing a proteolytic adaptor protein to the stalked pole. and general information about the Systems Research Laboratory and my students can be found on the Systems Research Lab) web University of Pennsylvania: Computer Science: 1989: M.S. CtrA is a member of the response regulator family of two component signal transduction systems. Oleic acid repressed fatty acid biosynthesis and induced fatty acid degradation in the wild-type parent, AE5000 . Finally, we examined the fatty acid biosynthesis and composition of two unsaturated fatty acid auxotrophs of C. crescentus. Another subset have variable cell widths, with wide cell bodies and actively growing thin extensions of the cell poles that concentrate fluorescent MreB. The hybridization method used permits the detection of sequences partially homologous to the elements. In this report we describe the isolation and characterization of a flagellar gene, fliX. Recent work, however, has demonstrated a remarkable degree of spatial organization. WebBrett Shapiro. Structural maintenance of chromosomes proteins (SMCs) bind to DNA and function to ensure proper chromosome organization in both eukaryotes and bacteria. B.Sc. In this review, we examine recently discovered control mechanisms that make use of dynamically localized protein complexes to orchestrate the Caulobacter crescentus cell cycle. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07088.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000276036000013, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2935252. At room temperature, the ratio of roGFP2 emission brightness when excited at 425 nm or 488 nm is known to report on the local redox potential. Disclosure: Scott Williams has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. Two enzymes of galactose catabolism, galactose dehydrogenase and 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogalactonate aldolase, were shown to be inducible and independently regulated. Single-molecule imaging demonstrated physical anticorrelation between sequestered CcrM and chromosomal DNA, thus preventing DNA remethylation. We have isolated the sigma 54 gene (rpoN) and describe here a novel role for this alternative sigma-factor in cell differentiation: It is required for the biogenesis of both polar structures, and the disruption of the rpoN gene results in aberrant cell division. The temporal expression of the modular subsystems that implement the cell cycle and asymmetric cell division is also coordinated by differential DNA methylation, regulated proteolysis, and phosphorylation signaling cascades. An RNA processing enzyme has been isolated from Caulobacter crescentus which is specific for double-stranded RNA, has an absolute requirement for monovalent cations, and can be eluted from a poly I:C agarose affinity column in pure form. The first 258 amino acids of the N terminus are necessary and sufficient for targeting the protein to the division plane. FliF is proteolytically turned over during swarmer-to-stalked cell differentiation, coinciding with the loss of the flagellum, suggesting that its degradation is coupled to flagellar release. Britos, L., Abeliuk, E., Taverner, T., Lipton, M., McAdams, H., Shapiro, L. Super-Resolution Imaging of the Nucleoid-Associated Protein HU in Caulobacter crescentus. Negative control of bacterial DNA replication by a cell cycle regulatory protein that binds at the chromosome origin. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley pilA transcription is regulated by the global two-component response regulator CtrA, which is essential for the expression of multiple cell cycle events, providing a direct link between assembly of the pilus organelle and bacterial cell cycle control. x@caltech.edu, x=crabut, (Amir)Hossein Salahshoor, PhD Menlo Park, Calif. The Department of Energys SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University today announced the launch of a new joint battery Stanford Developmental Biology The cellular localization of MipZ thus serves the dual function of positioning the FtsZ ring and delaying formation of the cell division apparatus until chromosome segregation has initiated. Clearance of the 22000 CtrA master transcriptional regulator molecules from the stalked portion of the predivisional cell is a controlling element of Caulobacter asymmetry. In Caulobacter crescentus, CtrA is essential and is a global regulator of multiple cell cycle functions. The C. crescentus fliL and fliM genes form an operon that is expressed early in the cell cycle. Michael Yao, SURF Scholar 2017-21 (Housner Prize) MD-PhD at University of Pennsylvania Expression of the latter two phenotypes required complex media and both were repressed by glucose. Biology & Geobiology, expected 2025 This heading includes several more specific ancient DNA research projects currently underway in the Shapiro lab. Facts don't care about your feelings. Our major publications have shown the PIP2 sensitivity of both types of channels, the mechanisms and structural determinants of receptor-mediated suppression of IM and ICa, the modulation of KCNQ channels by calmodulin, A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) and Src kinase, the roles of M channels in airway smooth muscle, and in sensory neurons. WebSafety First is designed to be implemented in high school classrooms by health teachers. View details for Web of Science ID 000174229800021. 4) Genetic exchange in the Calflobacter genus has been demonstrated and is now being defined. WebNatera advances molecular diagnostics with integrity and scientific rigor, and supports integration of information provided by our tests into health care decision making. At higher concentrations, calcium ions stabilize monomeric RsaA, which can then transition to the two-dimensional crystalline state. Degradation of the CtrA response regulator normally coincides with initiation of DNA replication, but in strains lacking SsrA activity there is a 40-min delay between the degradation of CtrA and replication initiation. The phenotype of pH-conditional mutants was defined on medium with lactose as the sole carbon source. View details for Web of Science ID A1989T211600005. Postdoctoral Scholar View details for DOI 10.1016/j.jsb.2006.05.007, View details for Web of Science ID 000242008100007, View details for Web of Science ID 000207781609166. Models for regulation of Caulobacter early flagellar promoters are discussed in which RNA polymerase containing a novel sigma subunit interacts with an activation factor bound to the central region of the promoter. Most machine learning models don't directly include any notion of particle beam dynamics to speed up learning and reduce the amount of data required, SLAC accelerator scientist and co-author Auralee Edelen said. Here, we show that ATP depletion promotes phase separation in bacterial condensates composed of intrinsically disordered proteins. Here we report a novel assay to visualize pili by light microscopy that led to the purification of CAULOBACTER: pili and the isolation of a cluster of seven genes, including the major pilin subunit gene pilA. In addition, we identified two previously unidentified N(6)-methyladenine motifs and showed that they maintained a constant methylation state throughout the cell cycle. For DNA segments less than about 300 kb, the mean interloci distances, , scale as n(0.22), where n is the contour length, and cell-to-cell distribution of the interloci distance r is a universal function of r/n(0.22) with broad cell-to-cell variability. In ultrasound gradients, GVs and cells expressing them get pushed more strongly and in the opposite direction from other biological materials. B.S. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07677.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000292106100020. In a 135-min cell cycle, the cells were compartmentalized 18 +/- 5 min before the progeny cells separated. A major direction in the lab is to understand how such long-range interactions occur, how they achieve target specificity, and how they may be reprogrammed by alterations to the genome sequence. x@caltech.edu, x=gdaghlia, Ishaan Dev View details for Web of Science ID A1993KT81000027. The formation of two distinct daughter cells upon division of the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus is the result of asymmetry in the predivisional cell, in part due to localization of both flagellar and chemotaxis proteins to the swarmer cell pole. The Martinez lab studies RNA regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression. We use STORM super-resolution nanoscopy to probe the multi-protein complexes underlying modulation of ion channels. A protein kinase activity is induced early after infection of Caulobacter crescentus by the DNA phage phiCd1. The assembly of a functional flagellum in the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus requires the protein products of approximately 30 genes expressed in a temporally discrete and spatially distinct manner. View details for Web of Science ID A1980JF34600034. 405 N. Mathews Ave.Urbana, IL 61801-2325 (M/C 251)Email: cancercenter@illinois.eduPhone: 217-300-6100, Designed by Clanin Marketing | Solution By UniSyn, 2023 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. This sequence of proteolytic events contributes to the asymmetric localization of PodJ isoforms to the appropriate cell pole. The contribution of each promoter for genes transcribed from multiple promoters is identified. Driks, A., Schoenlein, P. V., DeRosier, D. J., Shapiro, L., Ely, B. PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FATTY-ACID BETA-OXIDATION ENZYMES FROM CAULOBACTER-CRESCENTUS. Search results about individual genes are displayed as tables, graphs of time resolved expression profiles, and schematics of protein localization throughout the cell cycle. Cori has features that both affiliate and distinguish it from the Escherichia coli chromosome replication origin. The distribution of MCPs was examined in flagellated and non-flagellated vesicles isolated from predivisional cells. Many recent studies have revealed exquisite subcellular localization of proteins, DNA, and other molecules within bacterial cells, giving credence to the concept of prokaryotic anatomy. x@caltech.edu, x=annliu, Kaiwen Luo The PleA protein contains a region that is similar to a peptidoglycan-hydrolytic active site, and a point mutation at this site in PleA results in the loss of flagellum and pili biogenesis. Shapiro received his bachelors from Brooklyn College, before earning his PhD from Purdue University. James H. Clark Center, Stanford University 318 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305 contact-biox@stanford.edu View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.0805258105, View details for Web of Science ID 000258560700056, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2516238. Biological Engineering, MIT Caltech Cell death also occurred when phospholipid synthesis was inhibited by cerulenin. We have identified a proline-rich polar protein, PopZ, required to anchor the separated Caulobacter crescentus chromosome origins at the cell poles, a function that is essential for maintaining chromosome organization and normal cell division. Saurabh, S., Chong, T. N., Bayas, C., Dahlberg, P. D., Cartwright, H. N., Moerner, W. E., Shapiro, L. Delivering the message: How a novel technology enabled the rapid development of effective vaccines. In addition, dynamically localized DNA-binding proteins ensure that DNA segregation is coupled to the timing and cellular position of the cytokinetic ring. Consistent with this hypothesis, Caulobacter extracts contain an activity that binds specifically to the RRF in vitro. CtrA functions as a silencer of the replication origin and GcrA as an activator of components of the replisome and the segregation machinery. Currently: Postdoctoral Fellow Prior growth on glucose results in a delay in enzyme expression and cell cycle arrest at the nonmotile, predivisional stage. Heidi Chen in Gill Bejerano & David Kingsley's lab successfully defended her thesis titled Whole-genome comparisons identify enhancers underlying repeated fin evolution in diverse fishes. B.S. View details for Web of Science ID A1994MQ86600007. Model checking also showed that mechanisms involving methylation-state changes in regulatory promoter regions during DNA replication increase the robustness of the cell-cycle control. Cell division then yields a new swarmer cell and a stem-cell-like stalked cell. In Caulobacter crescentus, the origin of DNA replication is located at the cell pole. The CcrM DNA methyltransferase of the alpha-proteobacteria catalyzes the methylation of the adenine in the sequence GAnTC. It was observed that the final step in the swarmer cell-to-stalked cell transition, stalk elongation, was inhibited under these conditions. Thus, the temporal control of this methyltransferase appears to contribute to the accurate cell-cycle control of DNA replication and cellular morphology. Homologous sequences were then detected by computer analysis of the published IS1 and IS2 nucleotide sequences. The dynamic positioning of signal transduction proteins may contribute to the regulation of polar differentiation at specific times during the bacterial cell cycle. x@caltech.edu, x=kluo, Rohit Nayak, PhD Thus, CpdR function is regulated by a feedback loop that incorporates its differential phosphorylation, the transient polar localization and activity of the ClpXP protease, and the clearance of the CpdR by polar ClpXP that, in turn, releases ClpXP from the pole relieving the degradation of CtrA. CtrA is a member of the response regulator family of two component signal transduction systems and is activated by phosphorylation. They also allow an investigation of the regulatory signals that modulate the asymmetric distribution of proteins and their subsequent cell type-specific expression in the initial stages of a developmental program. In order to study the regulation of these genes, plasmids were constructed that contain either an intact flaYE region or deletions in the region of flaY. In wild-type cells, the origin is located at the flagellated pole of swarmer cells and, immediately after the initiation of DNA replication in stalked cells, one of the origins moves to the opposite pole, giving a bipolar localization of the origins. The rest of the filament (region V) is made up predominantly, if not completely, of the 25 x 10(3) Mr flagellin. Here we show that the MS-ring monomer FliF, a central motor component that anchors the flagellum in the cell membrane, is synthesized only in the predivisional cell and is integrated into the membrane at the incipient swarmer cell pole, where it initiates flagellar assembly. The partial IS sequences may represent silent evolutionary remnants or they could modulate the expression of genes carrying these sequences. Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London These events are intimately coupled with the bacterial cell cycle and exhibit a previously unanticipated complexity reminiscent of eukaryotic systems. View details for DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03576.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000184224700005, View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.1332806100, View details for Web of Science ID 000183845800003, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC164599. Low levels of the L-ring protein were detected exclusively in the cell envelope of cells lacking the P-ring, suggesting that, in the absence of P-ring assembly, L-ring monomers are unable to form multimeric rings and are thus subject to proteolysis in the periplasm. Here we investigate the effect on cell polarity of two cytoskeletal elements previously implicated in cell shape determination. Bryan, R., CHAMPER, R., Gomes, S., Ely, B., Shapiro, L. GENERAL NONCHEMOTACTIC MUTANTS OF CAULOBACTER-CRESCENTUS. August, J. T., EOYANG, L., DEFERNAN, M. T., Hasegawa, S., Kuo, C. H., RENSING, U., Shapiro, L. PROPERTIES OF CAULOBACTER RIBONUCLEIC ACID BACTERIOPHAGE PHICB5. The mutations in these strains mapped to an operon of two genes, fliI and fliJ, both of which are necessary for motility. Like Dam in the enterobacteria, CcrM plays a regulatory role in Caulobacter crescentus and Rhizobium meliloti. Dr. Shapiro's laboratory question in developmental biology involves the mechanisms used to generate the three-dimensional organization of a cell from a one-dimensional genetic code. CtrA-mediated repression at the origin thus restricts replication to the stalked cell type. Ely, B., GERARDOT, C. J., Fleming, D. L., Gomes, S. L., Frederikse, P., Shapiro, L. DIFFERENTIAL LOCALIZATION OF MEMBRANE-RECEPTOR CHEMOTAXIS PROTEINS IN THE CAULOBACTER PREDIVISIONAL CELL. NSERC Fellow The developmental program by which a single cell proceeds to a fully-developed organism involves cell divisions that yield dissimilar daughter cells. In the absence of glycerol 3-phosphate, DNA replication was initiated in the stalked cell at the correct time in the cell cycle and at the correct site on the chromosome. Postdoctoral Scholar, 2014-17 Life Sciences Research Foundation / Amgen Fellow Mapping of the transcriptional start site revealed a conserved binding motif for the global response regulator CtrA at the -35 position; this motif was footprinted by purified Caulobacter crescentus CtrA protein in its phosphorylated state. x@caltech.edu, x=syoo1984, Research Staff These results indicate that although the C. crescentus RNA polymerase can accurately recognize transcription signals on a heterologous phage template, the E. coli enzyme exhibits altered specificity with a heterologous phage template of higher G + C content. View details for Web of Science ID A1990DB07400012. The polar accumulation of PopZ occurs by a diffusion/capture mechanism that requires the MreB cytoskeleton. B.S. Many bacteria and most archaea possess a crystalline protein surface layer (S-layer), which surrounds their growing and topologically complicated outer surface. x@caltech.edu, x=nnystrom, Claire Rabut, PhD We have identified a conserved sequence motif that is present in the promoter of dnaX and several other genes involved in the replication of DNA, all of which show an induction of transcription at the onset of chromosome replication. An analysis of the time of activation of every cell-cycle regulatory transcription start site, coupled to both the position of a GANTC site in their promoter regions and the time in the cell cycle when the GANTC site transitions from full to hemimethylation, allowed the identification of 59 genes as candidates for epigenetic regulation. Gahlmann, A., Ptacin, J. L., von Diezmann, A. S., Shapiro, L., Moerner, W. E. Quantitative Registration and Distribution Analysis of Multicolor 3D Super-Resolution Images of Proteins Reveals Nanoscale Spatial Organization. This RNA encodes a peptide tag that is incorporated at the end of the aberrant polypeptide and targets it for proteolysis. In addition, we demonstrate that borinic esters inhibit menaquinone methyltransferase in gram positive bacteria using a new biochemical assay for MenH from Bacillus subtilis. We present evidence that the first amino acid in the predicted DnaX protein corresponds to the first codon in the mRNA transcribed from the dnaX promoter; thus, the ribosome must recognize the mRNA at a site downstream of the start codon in an unusual but not unprecedented fashion. 2015 Presidency University Safety First | Halpern-Felsher REACH Lab | Stanford Medicine B.Sc. Our approach achieves single-molecule localizations with an average lateral precision of 9 nm, and a relative registration error between the set of localizations and CET reconstruction of 30 nm. Single-molecule imaging in Caulobacter crescentus. View details for Web of Science ID 000260532500013, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2655310. Along with Norman, Maresca and Christopoulos are co von Diezmann, A., Lasker, K., Mann, T. H., Ahrens, D. G., Shapiro, L., Moerner, W. E. Probing Asymmetric Behavior of a Cell Cycle Regupatory Protein in Live Caulobacter using Single-Molecule Imaging, A Red Fluorescent Protein for Cryogenic Single-Molecule Superresolution Imaging. Carver, C.M., DeWitt, H.R, Stoja, A.P. Lab View details for Web of Science ID A1984SH73800012. C. crescentus GrpE, shown to be essential for viability at low and high temperatures, complemented an Escherichia coli delta grpE strain in spite of significant differences in the N- and C-terminal regions of these two proteins, demonstrating functional conservation of this important stress protein. In nature, this essential process occurs in cells that live in fluctuating environments. Here we report a global transcriptional analysis of an oxygen sensory/signaling network in Caulobacter crescentus consisting of the sensor histidine kinase FixL, its cognate response regulator FixJ, the transcriptional regulator FixK, and the kinase inhibitor FixT. View details for Web of Science ID A1987G981000008. Recent work has dramatically changed our view of chromosome segregation in bacteria. Despite decades of study, the exquisite temporal and spatial organization of bacterial chromosomes has only recently been appreciated. A developmental mutant of C. crescentus with altered polar surface structures has been isolated. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07836.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000298087300007, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3273039. The genes in these two groups seem to have arisen from two independent permutation events. Cellular functions in Bacteria, such as chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, result from cascades of molecular events operating largely as self-contained modules. Additionally, using ribosome profiling and LC-MS, we mapped translation start sites and coding regions with near complete coverage.

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